ws8 primary and secondary patterns

ws8

This graph show A as the dwell time, B as the firing voltage, C is the burn time

dwell time : 22

firing voltage:200+v

burn time :0.4ms

burn voltage 50v

This graph shows
burn time :16.1ms

firing voltage:19kv

ws7 exhaust gas analysis

ws7



co= 1.039, hc=150, co2=14.30,02=0.82%

engine is coldansd at idle , and warming up runs rich which creates high hydro carbons and a high co2 level

As the engine increases its speed and runs at a higher RPM hc and co2 levels drop and oxygen levels increase

ws6 o2 sensor

Oxygen sensors

Oxygen sensor located on the vehicle mazda capella 96 ( jonos car )

a zirconia switching sensor, has four terminal wires

This graph indiacates the oxygen pattern for the engine which is at idle giving us a lean and rich reading.

highest voltage reading 0.082v
lowest voltage 0.01v

average voltage .4v

cross counts 10

This graph shows us that the sensor has gone rich by the acceleration and voltage climbing to 0.98v
with only 6 cross counts

This graph shows us it is running lean, deccelerating flow of air as the engine is slowing down voltage of 0.1 774v

and deccelerating

ws5 scan tool

Scan tool

vehicle mazda capella 98

recored new faults

scan tool diagnosed vehicle showing fault codes p0100, p0110, p0505
3 faults were found

p0100 fault was a MAF sensor malfunction

p0110 was a fault to do with IAT sensor malfunction

p0505 was a idle control malfunction

all three were sensor connector faults

scan tools are one of the most important tools for the workshop, as it diagnose the engines computer, searches for faults and codes them so it makes a autoelectrians job really helpful.

ws4 Fuel pressure and flow

Fuel pressure

Safety is important when handling open fuel, good to know where the site fire extinguishers are

vehicle Toyota

specs for vehicle fuel pressure:

265-304 kpa(2.7-3.1kgf/cm2, 38-44psi

Check fuel lines for any leaks

When testing fuel pressure remove fuel pump fuse crank engine, pressure should now be relieved, safe to work on.

record fuel pressure by having the pressure gauge set and connected properly

with engine turn to "ON" only

reading was 200kpa

engine turn on and running at idle 250kpa

engine at WOT 300kpa

Symptoms

Low fuel pressure:

the vehicle would have idle problems, stalling at idle

High fuel pressure:

excess fuel is being sparyed through the injectors into the engine running at a rich level

Low fuel flow :

the engine would run lean not injecting enough fuel into cylinders

ws2 flash codes

Flash codes

Take note:

Depening on the vehicle make and model, the Ecu could be located in different locations.

having the ignition set to "ON", on the back of the ECU
turning the dign ostic selector fully clockwise wait two seconds, completly rotating the selector anti clockwise now. ECU should now be dignosing faults indicated by a flashing light located in the vehicles dashboard (may be a light on some ECUs depening on make and model),

the number of slow flashes indicates the first number to code, the faster flashes will tell us the second number to the code .

For instense slow one flash fast two flashes gives a 12 fault codestopping the flash fault code off simply the same way you turned the dignostic selector, turn it clockwise right round, have a two second gap and turn it anticlockwise, when turn the flash fault off u needed to do this twice

depending on your vehicle make and model this could be different use your vehcile manul to find flash fault vehicle used was a nissen sentrs

faults found:

code 31 MAP connector to sensor was removed

code 41 TPS connector to sensor was removed

code 12

is the fault of the ignition system, problems with ignition where that the contact points in the distributor were to far away from each other not making proper contact to fire the injectors .

Finding the fault and repairing it is important, once fixed do a systems check to ensure fault was removed from the ECU.

if there are no faults check light should stay on til system is reset.

ws1 petrol fuel injection test.

WS1

Warning when dealing with injectors, As petrol engine injectors can give a 15v shock, diesel engines have a bigger voltage.
Using a stethoscope, or long flat head screwdriver place it on the injectors, if the injectors are operating correctly a fant clicking nosie should be heard, yhis clicking indicates that the injector is opening .

Voltage off each injector

battery voltage :13.6v

back probe each injector taking the voltage reading with the multi meter connected to pin which has been back probed...

With each injector still being back probed connect a test light to each pin, having the engine at idle, check that each light lights up as the injector opens.

Recording the duty cycle % while at idle

reading in hertz engine at idle hz